The extremely high speed offered by UWB systems allows the guard band to be extended to 100% instead of maximum of 25% as in broadband systems. This particular guard ensures this channel is completely free of spurious signals before transmitting next symbol. In this paper, the performance of non block transmission frequency domain UWB receiver with changeable zero-padding is presented. The receiver can be an alternate to Rake receivers, since clustering effect, common in UWB signals makes Rake receivers impractical and imposes low complexity rake receivers that are not optimum, either.

The problem of microbial resistance continues to increase in all regions of the world, and even though a very large number of antibiotics have been produced in the last 30 years, microbial resistance is maintained because of the wide use of these drugs against many infectious diseases. Thus, natural products are seen as the alternative solution. Based on previous studies, Peganum harmala has been reported to exhibit several biological properties including antibacterial and antifungal. Thus, the main aim of this study is evaluating antibacterial activities of P. harmala against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, which isolated from infected patients in (Alassaba'a hospital, Alassaba'a, west of Tripoli). Agar disk diffusion technique was used for detecting the antibacterial activity, and the minimum inhibitory concentration was tested by serial dilution methods. The results showed that the growth of all tested bacteria were inhibited strongly by methanol extract of seeds at 1.0% with inhibition zones 14.66, 12.00 and 15.33mm against E. coli, k. pneumoniae and S. aureus respectively. Besides, MIC values ranged between 0.625 to 1.25 mg/mL. While, MBC values ranging between 1.25 to 5 mg/mL. On the other hand, methanol extract of leaves was also inhibit the growth of E. coli, k. pneumoniae and S. aureus with inhibition zones 11.00, 9.66 and 10.00mm respectively. As well as, MIC values ranging between 1.25 to 2.5 mg/mL, while MBCs value ranging between 2.5 to 5 mg/mL . In conclusion, methanol extract of P. harmala seeds exhibited strongly antimicrobial activity against E. coli, k. pneumoniae and S. aureus, thus it can be developed as anti-bacterial agent.

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in many regions of the world, and has a significant economic and health impacts. Despite the numerous proposed therapies for this zoonotic parasitic disease. Currently, there is no definitive cure for CL. Meglumine antimony compounds are regarded as the typical treatment for leishmaniasis. However, they have a rather high incidence of adversative effects, that always, are not successful. Alternatively, Paromomycin and dapsone were used in various studies, though, with conflict results. Aim of study: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of using of paromomycin cream, oral dapson and their combination in treatment of CL. Patients and Methods: This study is a prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out at the private outpatient Al- Ahlam Center of Dermatology and Cosmetology in city of Gharyan, Libya. That started from 1st of January 2020 to end of Dec 2021. 42 patients were joining this study, and randomly were divided into three groups according to protocol of treatment to assess the clinical response of the treatment methods. Results Regarding the outcome of the three different treatment regimen and after exclusion of the patients stop their follow-up; we found that 50% of dapsone treated group cleared the lesions in 1-2 months versus only 40% in paromomycin & Dapsone treated group and 0% for the paromomycin group, only 8 patients had no improvement with received treatment; 4 (33.3%) from dapsone group, 2 (20%) from each other group (P=0.036) Conclusion: Using of paromomycin & dapson combination in treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis shows better result and early clearance LC lesions, whereas, using of topical paromomycin cream or oral dapsone alone were effective. Also, our results showed that, paromomycin is effective, safe and well tolerated in children. Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Paromomycin, Dapson, Gharyan, Libya

Biosynthesis techniques have a number of advantages over other methods for producing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which provide a wide range of applications. The present work highlights the biosynthesis of AgNPs by mixing pear leaf aqueous extract with silver nitrate, and the formation of AgNPs was observed by the change of mixture color from yellow to dark brown and visible spectrophotometry. Moreover, the effect of pH, reaction time, AgNO3 concentration, extract volume and temperature on the suggested approach was also studied. The results showed that pear leaf aqueous extract is an excellent material for the biosynthesis of AgNPs, and by controlling the mentioned parameters that influence synthesis, a large number of AgNPs with small sizes may be produced.

Biosynthesis techniques have a number of advantages over other methods for producing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which provide a wide range of applications. The present work highlights the biosynthesis of AgNPs by mixing pear leaf aqueous extract with silver nitrate, and the formation of AgNPs was observed by the change of mixture color from yellow to dark brown and visible spectrophotometry. Moreover, the effect of pH, reaction time, AgNO3 concentration, extract volume and temperature on the suggested approach was also studied. The results showed that pear leaf aqueous extract is an excellent material for the biosynthesis of AgNPs, and by controlling the mentioned parameters that influence synthesis, a large number of AgNPs with small sizes may be produced. Keywords: silver nitrate, silver nanoparticles, pear leaves, biosynthesis 

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