This study investigates whether internal auditors in Libyan oil companies possess the necessary competence and capabilities in the security of electronic accounting information systems within an era of transition from manual auditing to electronic accounting information system auditing. The study also examines the issue of whether internal auditors implement sufficient safeguards to address the risks associated with electronic accounting information systems. A questionnaire survey adopted for data collection revealed that: internal auditors in the sampled companies possess a high level of competence and efficiency in electronic accounting information system security; and that they also follow all protective measures to counter the risks of electronic accounting information systems. However, descriptive statistics show that the mean scores of participants' responses regarding the competence and efficiency of internal auditors in electronic accounting information system security were lower than the overall mean of the axis. This could be seen as a deficiency on the part of internal auditors in reviewing risks related to electronic accounting information systems, monitoring management's implementation of regular maintenance of electronic systems, ensuring the existence of sufficient protection programs to scan electronic programs or magnetic disks, implementing procedures to limit risks arising from electronic equipment damage, and periodically evaluating information security applications within the company. Descriptive statistics also indicate that the average scores of participants' responses regarding internal auditors' adherence to all protective measures to counter the risks of electronic accounting information systems were lower than the overall mean of the axis. This could be seen as a deficiency on the part of internal auditors in monitoring IT staff in implementing required security measures, participating in updating security methods according to changes in the evolving IT environment, participating in developing specific security policies such as selecting the appropriate technology and its effectiveness, participating in developing and formulating a strategy for developing the security of electronic accounting information systems, and contributing to the detection of security breaches through reports and describing the type of breach

Abstract

As technological advancements continue to revolutionize teaching, the use of technology in both college/university and classrooms is making flipped learning a trending instructional model. The roles and responsibilities of instructors and students often require a new or enhanced skill set where the instructor designs intentional learning experiences to engage students outside of the classroom. This research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of flipped learning strategy to overcome the educational communication problems. Also, it has been explained the definition of the flipped classroom and its impact on course evaluations and student outcomes. Besides, it has been discussed the comparison between the flipped learning strategy and the traditional way of teaching. As well, it has been explained some advantages and disadvantages of the flipped classroom. Above and beyond, it has been mentioned the most important critiques against the flipped leaning. More to the point, it has been shown some steps to implement the flipped classroom strategy. As well as, it has been presented some reasons of why should be flipped our classrooms. Ultimately, some important recommendations have been given to guarantee an effective learning in the education process.

Key words:  flipped classrooms, flipped learning, higher education, technological advancement, effective flipping ,

Abstract

This research explores Libyan university students' perceptions of the use of podcasts and audio books as tools for learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Employing a quantitative research method, data were collected online through questionnaires distributed to third-year students of English in three Libyan Universities. The study involved a sample of 76 students and aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, flexibility, and motivational factors associated with these audio tools.

The results indicated that podcasts and audiobooks significantly enhance EFL learners' speaking skills, familiarize them with the cultural and social contexts of the English language, and encourage continuous learning outside the classroom. A substantial majority of participants found these tools easy to navigate and valued their free accessibility. Additionally, the flexibility of being able to listen at their convenience was highly appreciated, supporting learner autonomy and engagement.

The study's findings underscore the potential of integrating podcasts and audiobooks into the EFL curriculum, highlighting their role in fostering independent learning and improving overall language proficiency. The research offers valuable insights for EFL instructors and curriculum developers, recommending the inclusion of these tools as part of the formal education syllabus to enhance the language learning experience.

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A new record for Leptadenia arborea (Forssk.) Schweinf. is reported for the first time in the flora of Libya. This species was collected from Ariggiba region (110 km southwest Sabha city). A full description and habitat information on the plant are provided. A brief discussion about the most important traits of this species is presented.

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