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Medical students have been shown to be more susceptible to stress and depression than the rest of the population. Libyan students specifically have to undergo the challenges of becoming a doctor while living with the stressful outcomes of the Libyan civil war. And the spread of COVID-19 has added to these stressors. This study aimed to determine prevalence of depression and anxiety among Libyan medical students and analyze the

causing factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey. We used the Kessler psychological distress scale to measure the level of distress. A total of 1348 students from 16 Libyan medical schools across the 5 years of study completed the survey. The number of females was 992 (73.6%), and males were 356 (26.4%). The mean age (SD) was 22.09 (2.56). Out of the 1348 participants, 638 (47.3%) scored for severe mental disorder. A moderate mental disorder was presented by 213 (15.8%), and 200 (14.8%) presented with a mild one. Students are likely to be well according to the K-10 scale, which is 297 (22%). Out of the students whose houses have been displaced. In the war, 66.3% have presented with moderate to severe mental disorders. Students that have reported having suicidal thoughts throughout their time in medical school are 235 (17.4%). In comparison to similar studies done in other countries, Libyan students scored a higher prevalence of depression. The current political state of the country and the COVID-19 pandemic were shown to be contributing factors.

ABSTRACT In this paper, modeling, simulation and performance analysis of the three phase permanent magnet brushless direct current (PMBLDC) motor using Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), Genetic Algorithm controller (FGAC), hybrid Neuro-Genetic Algorithm Controller (NGAC), Hybrid -Fuzzy controller (NFC) and Hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy controller (NFC) based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) under the effect of external load for improving the transient and steady state response is presented. The applications of the three phase permanent magnet brushless direct current (PMBLDC) motor are increasing day by day. In order to have proper utilization of these motors and to control them effectively it is important to have proper mathematical modeling of these motors. Similarly effective control these motors are also essential to have successful application of the devices across multiple domains. This paper handles both these important aspects. A m been derived to represent a three phase permanent magnet brushless direct current (PMBLDC) motor model, its utility can be noted from the fact that different motors can be analyzed easily using the proposed model. The mathematical model was subjected to open loop and closed loop analysis to study the stability and performance. In this paper in order to validate the approach a MATLAB/SIMULINK model having intelligent controllers are constructed to control the modeled three phase permanent magnet brushless direct current (PMBLDC) motor under the effect of external disturbances for enhancement of static & dynamic response. 

Keywords Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current (PMBLDC) motor, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy controller (NFC) based on Genetic Algorithm GA, MATLAB/Simulink etc.

Background/ Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency has been found to be associated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels amongst

patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). However, the beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on HbA1c levels in DM2

patients has been investigated and its role remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of vitamin D

supplementation on HbA1c levels amongst Libyan patients suffering from DM2.

Methods and design: Ninety-seven DM2 patients of both genders (M = 51) (F = 46), with an age range of 26-59 years, were recruited

from the Al-Wafi Medical Laboratory in Tripoli, Libya. All patients were informed about the nature of the study and oral consent was

obtained from all patients. Weight and height were measured, and dietary and lifestyle information was obtained. Blood samples were

collected and HbA1c and vitamin D levels were measured pre-and post-the administration of vitamin D supplementation for three

months. The participants were divided into three groups according to HbA1c level, and then into four groups, based on their vitamin

D serum levels. The relationship between vitamin D and HbA1c was investigated.

Results: Vitamin D levels have increased after the administration of vitamin D supplementation amongst DM2 patients. We noticed

that the level of HbA1c also decreased from 6.97% at the baseline to 5.65% after supplementation of vitamin D. The results showed

that the difference in HbA1c levels was significant after administration of vitamin D as a supplement (P-value = 0.000). The level of

vitamin D increased from 8.34±2.59 to 39.95±2.85 ng/ml after the administration of the supplements. In mixed ANOVA analysis, the

present study confirmed that the relationship between HbA1c and the factors measured appear to be weak and these findings indicate

that HbA1c was not influenced by all these factors studied.

Conclusions: The results of this study have shown that vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the level of HbA1c amongst

patients suffering from DM2. These results may be beneficial for the overall health and blood glucose control of those patients.

Abstract

This study aims to discover the problems that face Libyan university

students when translating Libyan proverbs into English. It also focuses on

the techniques applied by the students in the translation process. To

achieve the goals, the researchers asked the study participants to

translate about ten Libyan proverbs into Arabic. The sample of this study

consisted of twelve second year students specialized in translation from

the English department in the Assabha Faculty of Arts. The results

showed that some students faced problems in transferring the meaning of

Libyan proverbs into the target language (English). This could be

attributed to the different culture between both languages (i.e. Arabic and

English) The results also revealed that the participants used literal

translation method as their primary strategy. Translation tutors and

curriculum designers need to focus on the effective strategies to achieve

the correct translation of Libyan proverbs into English