In this paper a low complexity MIMO MC-CDMA receiver is proposed. We investigate the receiver performance and complexity in the case of despreading multicarrier code division multiple access signals (MC-CDMA) prior to V-BLAST detection in multiple input multiple output systems (MIMO). The proposed structure shows that for iterative detection, despreading before detection (DBD) reduces the effect of multiple access interference (MAI), and the reported results demonstrate improved bit error rate (BER) performance and user capacity of the system over despreading after detection (DAD). Furthermore, DBD results in reduced system complexity. The performance of both detectors is evaluated using computer simulations for a frequency selective slow Rayleigh fading channel.

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The present study was performed to evaluate the anti-schistosomal activity of the medicinal plant ginger Zingiber officinale. Mice were individually infected with 100 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Four weeks post-infection, mice were orally treated with 1200 mg/kg of ginger for ten consecutive days. After the last dose all animals were sacrificed to evaluate the efficacy of ginger in treatment of the infection. The results obtained showed moderate reduction of 16.5% in the worm burden compared with control infected animals. The liver egg count showed a marked reduction of 53.8%. Ginger treatment showed a significant reduction in the size of liver granuloma where a percentage reduction of 66.35 was observed. Ginger treatment was slightly reflected on the liver function at such rate of infection, where an improvement in serum arginase activity was recorded, while no appreciable improvement in hepatic ALT and AST activities, albumin and creatinine contents. In conclusion Z. officinale displayed some degree of anti-schistosomal activity through reducing of the S. mansoni eggs output and the liver granuloma size.

Parallel plate combustor wall cooling was investigated. The combustor air flowed down the gap between two flat surfaces in a low pressure loss configuration. The work was aimed at combustor liner external air cooling for regenerative combustor cooling prior to entering a lean low NOx combustor. The test rig was 152 mm square and the test section was a duct of 152mm width and height of 10 and 5mm with a 152mm length. The experimental investigation involved the measurement of the heat transfer coefficient using the lumped capacity method. together with overall wall cooling effectiveness measurements in a hot duct test rig. The compromise between increased pressure loss and enhanced heat transfer for obstacles in the duct was investigated. It was shown that at coolant flow rates comparable with combustor requirements, adequate wall cooling effectiveness could be achieved using this technique. The cooling effectiveness performance was compared with the alternative technique of impingement cooling using low impingement jet pressure loss