Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is an ideal environment for transmission of many pathogens, which lead to high morbidity and mortality in neonates. Microbial pathogens that cause nosocomial infections are known to have high resistance to many antibiotics, which leads to economic burdens, in addition to social and psychological factors affecting the families due to long durations in hospitals. Prevention of infection requires identification of contaminated environments and equipment, effective infection control programs, and judicious use of antimicrobial agents.

Methods: 244 neonates, who were admitted to NICU, and 235 residing neonates at Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of Tripoli Medical Center (TMC) in the months of May to July 2013, who were found positive for pathogenic infection, were subjected to the study. Pathogenic organisms were isolated and identified according to Standard Microbiological Methods, and an antibiogram was assessed against common antibiotics.

Results: Acinetobacter baumannii was the most frequently isolated bacterium from neonates at NICU and SCBU at a rate of 40% and 48%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae at a rate of 33% and 31%, respectively, while the less frequently isolated organisms were Staphylococcus haemolyticus (9% NICU and 5% SCBU) and S. hominis (7% NICU and 3% SCBU). Infection sites were 2 ear, nose, and throat (53% NICU and 58% SCBU); CSF (33% NICU and 3.85% SCBU); urine; eye swab (30% NICU and 47% SCBU); vein catheter (29% NICU); skin swab catheter (30% NICU and 27% SCBU); blood (11% ICU and 12% SCBU); umbilical swab (7% NICU and 18% SCBU); nasal swab (4% NICU and 12% SCBU); and catheter (30.33% NICU and 27% SCBU).

Conclusion: Data indicate a significant infection problem in Tripoli Medical Center Hospital and inefficient infection control programs. A. baumannii and Klebsiella pneumonia were the predominant cause of neonatal infection at TMC. Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens isolated in Neonatal Intensive Care and Special Care Baby Units, respectively, were K. pneumoniae (ESBL) (ESBL)(56.52% and 44.44%), carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (21.7% and 11.11%), and E. coli (ESBL) (13.04% and 5.56%).

Abstract

The research was conducted to investigate the problems and difficulties that ESL students and teachers have faced while they are teaching and learning pronunciation skills. It has been explained some pronunciation goals and factors that affect pronunciation learning. Also, it has been given some ideas for focusing on specific pronunciation features. In addition, some plans for effective learning experiences have been mentioned.  

As businesses are spreading to different locations they require a strong 

and secure way of communication between the different offices. There 

are different services which require nonstop flow of traffic. The 

multimedia applications with voice and video needs more priority than 

other applications, as it is sensitive to delay. The MPLS (Multiprotocol 

Label Switching) based VPN (Virtual Private Network) can provide QoS 

(Quality of Service) features. This paper investigate on how DiffServ 

QoS Model parameters over MPLS VPNs environment can help the 

enterprise network customers to maintain the quality for their multimedia 

application usage in their network. To test our approach, a MPLS VPN 

Traffic Engineering approach was configured on two distinct enterprise 

businesses and MPLS VPN networking with and without DiffServ QoS 

parameters for voice, email and data were implemen

0

Comparison Between Secondary School Pupils' English Achievement in General Certificate of Secondary Education And Their Health Sciences College English Admission Test Achievement